Jewish Societies Essays - Semitic Peoples, Napoleon, Jews

Jewish Societies Until the late 18th century, The Jewish societies all over the world were treated unfairly. Hatred and discrimination were used against because of their religious practices. Jews who live in predominately Christian or Muslim territories were forced to covert to the religion of that area. If Jews did not obey their, then they we either ordered to leave or they would be persecuted. Before the French Revolution, Jewish, culture and beliefs were not accepted in most European nations. Jews did not even have rights and were not treated equal. The French Revolution was one that had a great effect on Jews, because over a period of time Jews who resided in France were treated as equals, and gained rights and freedoms. Like many other European nation, it was hard to accept Jew as equal citizens. In the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizen," extended rights to every Frenchmen except Jews in 1789. It took until 1791 to consider Jews as Frenchmen. This caused many fellow countrymen to raise questions such as, "are all Jews considered equal?" or "are Jews allow to marry Christian or other fellow Frenchmen?" Napoleon answered these questions by stating that as long as Jewish religion and practices do not interfere with their government or state life, that they were free to act as any French citizen would. Jews were allowed to study their religion and to integrate into society instead of being excluded. Even though they gain citizenship and freedom, Jews were also restricted to do certain things. In the "Infamous Decree", Napoleon put many restrictions on a predominately Jewish business, money lending. Napoleon used this as a political advantage. It seemed that imposed these restriction as a way to compromise with French society, and given them an upper hand, instead of leaving them in debt to Jews. The French Revolution had a great effect on Jewish life. It did not grant the Jewish society as whole freedom, but gave Jewish individual's citizenship in France. Prior to the French Revolution, many Jews were being sent away or persecuted. France allowed them to be apart of a nation instead of being that nation problem. Like any group of diverse people, I think that Jews had mixed feeling on Napoleon. The Majority of Jews in France appreciated him for granting them freedom and citizenship. There were many others who wanted a little bit more than what he had offered such a Jews with political influence. Overall, the Jews needed Neapolitan, and that they need him. They needed protection, citizenship, and to be included into a society, which would, let them practice their faith. He wanted a bigger and stronger French nation.

Free Essays on Rachel Carson

Rachel Louise Carson was born on May 7, 1907 in the rural river town of Springdale, PA. She graduated from Pennsylvania College for Women, which is now known as Chatham College, in 1929 with a major of Marine Biology. She then studied at the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory and later received her MA in Zoology from Johns Hopkins University in 1932. Carson was hired by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries to write radio scripts during the Depression and supplemented her income writing feature articles on natural history for the Baltimore Sun. She then began a fifteen-year career in the federal services as a scientist and editor in 1936. Working for the government, she then became Editor-in-Chief of all publications for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Lear). Carson wrote pamphlets on conservation and natural resources. She also edited scientific articles, but on free time, turned her government research into lyric prose, first as an article â€Å"Undersea† in 1937, and then a book, Under the Sea-Wind in 1941. She published her prize-winning study of the ocean, The Sea Around Us in 1952, which was followed in 1955 by The Edge of the Sea. She was devoted to writing, so she resigned from the government. During World War II, Rachel Carson changed her focuses. She wanted to warn the public about the long term misuse of chemical pesticides. She wrote a book in 1962 called Silent Spring in which she challenged the practices of agricultural scientists and government. It called for a change in the way humankind viewed the world. Because of this book, she was attacked by the chemical industry and some government and considered an alarmist. Through all this, she spoke out to remind the public that we are a vulnerable part of the natural world, and we are subject to the same damage as the rest of the ecosystem. Her testimony before Congress in 1963 called for new policies to protect human health and the environment. Rachel Lou... Free Essays on Rachel Carson Free Essays on Rachel Carson Rachel Louise Carson was born on May 7, 1907 in the rural river town of Springdale, PA. She graduated from Pennsylvania College for Women, which is now known as Chatham College, in 1929 with a major of Marine Biology. She then studied at the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory and later received her MA in Zoology from Johns Hopkins University in 1932. Carson was hired by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries to write radio scripts during the Depression and supplemented her income writing feature articles on natural history for the Baltimore Sun. She then began a fifteen-year career in the federal services as a scientist and editor in 1936. Working for the government, she then became Editor-in-Chief of all publications for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Lear). Carson wrote pamphlets on conservation and natural resources. She also edited scientific articles, but on free time, turned her government research into lyric prose, first as an article â€Å"Undersea† in 1937, and then a book, Under the Sea-Wind in 1941. She published her prize-winning study of the ocean, The Sea Around Us in 1952, which was followed in 1955 by The Edge of the Sea. She was devoted to writing, so she resigned from the government. During World War II, Rachel Carson changed her focuses. She wanted to warn the public about the long term misuse of chemical pesticides. She wrote a book in 1962 called Silent Spring in which she challenged the practices of agricultural scientists and government. It called for a change in the way humankind viewed the world. Because of this book, she was attacked by the chemical industry and some government and considered an alarmist. Through all this, she spoke out to remind the public that we are a vulnerable part of the natural world, and we are subject to the same damage as the rest of the ecosystem. Her testimony before Congress in 1963 called for new policies to protect human health and the environment. Rachel Lou...

Company Law of the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Company Law of the UK - Essay Example From the research it can be comprehended that the United Kingdom perhaps was the first country around the globe that simplifies the registration process for investors; limit their liability and the obligations in the event of insolvency. The discretionary powers allocated to the Board of Directors to sort out issues in line with the provisions of company constitution / company law. It would not be out of place to mention here that the UK has given a role model to other European Dynasties, Commonwealth Nations. The aims and objectives are to introduce such role model to woo the investors from all over the world to invest capital in a profitable business venture / thriving business avenues to make more and more money. The powers confer to the company may have their own parameters in terms of rights and obligations under the UK laws to comply. Corporate Company has the option to raise capital for their business in shape of equity finance, where the company has to off load its shares to general public through Stock Exchange. The company confers number of rights to share holders in terms of: a) voting b) dividends c) return of capital on redemption / liquidation d) Preferential rights for future shares. The corporate concerns keeps close repo with share holders in two ways: a) to inform share holders of the decision taken by the company through prospectus that contains complete details b) financial assistance to purchase its own shares. 5. The share holders may have the access to bank loan facilities against pledge of company’s shares on a fixed / floating rate of interest as the case may be, to be paid through monthly, quarterly, half yearly, yearly installments or balloon payments as decided by the approving authority. In the event of default banks / financial institutions may dispose off / auction the mortgaged assets of the company after inviting bids from the prospective bidders through esteemed print / electronic medias6. However, court provide protecti on to the company / or set aside unfair transaction in relation to disposing off the assets of the company by the banks / financial institutions towards appropriation of their outstanding liabilities. If a company fails to meet its loan obligations on due dates, the administrator comes to manage the affairs of the company as per UK insolvency law. If all out efforts of the administrator proved futile, the administrator starts the process of liquidation. The administrator disposes of the moveable / immoveable assets of the company to satisfy the claims of the creditors and then strike down the name of the debtor from its register7. Shares issued to the share holders can easily be transferred or disposed off as and when required. Holding the shares of a company means that a share holder being a member of the company can enforce the provision of the constitution of the company in both ways: a) against the company or other members of the company b) value of shares (nominal / at par) det ermines the share holders liability towards paying off debts of the company in case of insolvent liquidation8. The company usually offers their existing share holders a large number of shares from its common stock or preferred stock. This gives the rights to the share holders (other than bidder) to convert its acquired shares into a large number of common shares. This form of transaction is considered shareholders rights plan since it empowers the shareholders